The "fresh knack "breakthrough apple industry develops bottleneck

    Chinese Institute of Agricultural Sciences fruit tree Researcher Liufengzhi discussed 1-MCP promotes Reporter HuMucheng
　　

   In the next new stage, our country apple industry overall developmental strategy goal will be "goes out, on the stair, increases the benefit".Namely by by the domestic market primarily, changes the domestic market, the international market pays equal attention to,Develops the international market vigorously;By the fresh food, the production primarily, changes the fresh food, the processing pays equal attention to;By value the crop production to change produces machining sell the integration,By by the quantity scale primarily, changes high quality and is safe,Large scale enhances the product quality and the economic efficiency,Promotes the farmer to additionally receive, the enterprise synergizes.

   In in restriction strategic target realization many bottlenecks question,After picks stores keep fresh specially prominently.In view of this weakest link of apple industry chain,Chinese Institute of Agricultural Sciences fruit tree Researcher the Liu phoenix recently accepted reporter the interview time appeal,1-MCP has good effect to the apple keep fresh, Even also may cause the apple under the normal temperature to store time and good time lengthens greatly,Its application may promote our country apple refrigeration circulation chain system construction,Causes chess of the apple industry development full dish all lives.

　1-MCP (1- metayl cyclo.propene) was the recent years people studies discovery one kind of function effect most prominent stylish antistaling agent, started in the developed country fruit industry production to apply generally. Believing of the Liufengzi, this technology to our country apple industry has five big "the activation" function.

  　First, the expanded apple stores scale
　　

    Saying of the Liufengzi, Our country apple industry existence main question is after picks the storage capability to be low, lacks the cold chain circulation system.At present our country apple always storage capability only occupies for the total yield 20%-30% or so,Moreover mainly by the earth cave dwelling, indigenous method and so on cold and cool storehouse primarily.Air regulation storage only occupies always stores the scale about 10%.Air regulation storage is the mainstream form which the developed country apple stores,May maintain the apple well the quality and the flavor,Suppression the physiological disease occurrence after picks.But the air regulation storage facility construction cost is soaring,The operating cost is high,Increased the apple in the certain degree to store the cost,Therefore the gas adjustment storehouse construction, is very difficult in under our country countryside at present current economic condition to popularize,Massive experimental and production application explanation,The 1-MCP processing fruit may substitute the gas adjustment the function,Said to the majority apple variety,After the 1-MCP processing, It's keep fresh effect universally to be good in air regulation storage,Therefore, 1-MCP's keep fresh technical popularization application to be possible large scale to reduce stores cost.Impels the ordinary refrigeration facility the construction,Enhances our country apple industry the storage capability.
　　

Second, promotion variety structure adjustment, optimized apple industry variety structure
　　 Pointing out of the Liufengzhi, in recent years, our country apple cultivated variety structure had the distinct improvement, the improved variety proportion obtained the large scale enhancement, the apple host has produced the province red Fuji, marshal series, Jin Guan, Gonagean,Gola and other improved variety cultivation proportions has respectively achieved 49.62%, 9.72%, 6.19%, 3.00%, 2.83% and 1.91%. But the variety structure still did not adapt with the market demand, one was the mostly plants variety quite to be unitary, the red Fuji's cultivation area approached the apple cultivation total area 50%, the output accounted for the ultimate output above 60%. Two is the variety structure matches is incompatible, the late-maturing and the medium late-maturing variety excessively many, the early medium maturing variety relative are few.Our country medium late-maturing and late-maturing variety approximately occupies the total quantity 75%-80% or so.the precocious variety is insufficient 5%, the medium maturing variety occupies for 10%-15%. Creates this phenomenon the main reason is because the late-maturing variety fruit (is specially the Fuji apple) bears the storage and transportation,but precocious, medium ripe and medium late-maturing variety fruit bears the storage and transportation Is not good, after picks loses seriously, limited the fruit farmer to plant the medium maturing variety enthusiasm precociously. Because the 1-MCP application may enhance the apple greatly the storage and transportation performance,large scale reduces the apple to pick after the loss, the maintenance fruit original quality and the flavor, will not bear the storage and transportation no longer will be the influence precocious, and the medium maturing variety development main reason.

Third, the rich apple exportation variety type, enhances the international market competitive power

   Enhances unceasingly along with the lives of the people level and the international trade development,In recent years assumes fast growth situation to demand high quality fresh apple.In international market,In recent years our country fresh food apple export trade growth is very quick,The average increased range reaches as high as every year above 30%.But,Because our country stores facility and keep fresh technology to be backward,Causes to pick after the fruit flavor and the quality drop, but is unable to meet the international market needs. 

   Our country at present the apple exportation principal variety is red Fuji，According to incomplete statistics，Accounts for the exportation total quantity above 90%，The exportation variety is unitary，Has limited the apple exportation scale increase in the certain degree。Investigates its reason，The Liu fengzhi thought has following several aspects,One is the red Fuji apple bears storing to be strong,After stores the commodity fruit rate to be high.The enterprise undertakes the risk is small.Two is our country advanced stores keep fresh facility to be limited(Is specially air regulation storage facility),Is unable satisfiedly to bear the storing bad apple's storing,For example, gola, aarshal series,  gonagean, Jin Guan and jinqing and so on.If does not use air regulation storage,The fruit storage and transportation quality is unable to satisfy the exportation's need.Thus has restricted these variety fruits exportation.
　　  Emphasis Liufengzhi, through 1-MCP application, not only may cause the red Fuji apple to store quality to obtain the further enhancement, may cause the apple more importantly which does not bear stores ordinary to store under the condition, achieved air regulation storage the effect, the fruit stores the quality to be possible to satisfy the exportation the need. This technical application, will enrich the apple exportation variety type, will enhance the international market competitive power, has provided the safeguard for the apple exportation unceasing growth.

 Fourth, enhances the apple industry overall benefit, Increases the fruit farmer'receive

    Introduction according to Liufengzi,Regardless of is air regulation storage,The ordinary refrigeration or simple stores(earth cave dwelling,cave,ventilates the storehouse),In under safeguard fruit best edible quality premise,The 1-MCP application large scale will lengthen the apple to store the time and a goods time,Maintenance fruit flavor and quality,Thus  enormously will alleviate the apple (specially will be medium ripe and medium late-maturing variety) will pick after concentrates goes on the market and sells the fruit difficult phenomenon,Solution fruit inexpensive wound farmer's question,To will enhance the apple industry  overall benefit and increases farmer's income to play the huge role.
　　 

Fifth, promotion expends, impels the apple industry to continue to develop.

      In recent years, along with the apple output further increase, the fresh apple market supply and demand basically tended to the balance,The expense grows the space has been relatively limited,Analyzes its reason,Induction of the Liufengzhi for following several points: One is the fresh fruit market variety supply is rich, the consumer chooses the leeway increase, the partial consumers change expend other fruits;Two is the counter-season cultivation fruit and the south fruit output increase, causes some consumers' expense tendency to have the change, Tends to the edible fresher fruit;Three is the apple picks after stores facility crudely, keep fresh technology to be backward, causes the apple the pick after quality to drop suddenly,Is unable to satisfy the consumer' request to the quality,The consumer is not willing to duplicate purchases the fresh food apple,Thus has limited the growth which expends to the fresh food apple,This affects one of most important reasons which the market fresh food apple expense demand grows.Believing of the Liufengzhi,The key of Enhances the customer duplicates purchases is can provide the high grade fresh food apple unceasingly to the market,Because the application of 1-MCP keep fresh technical,The consumer may in a longer time,Eats the fresh is crisp, the sour and sweet delicious fresh apple,Consumer's turn head rate will be able obviously to enhance.But the market to the fresh food apple demand increase, will lay the foundation for the our country apple industry further development.In view of the fact that 1-MCP to the Chinese apple industry benign influence, the Liufengzi finally stressed once more that, The fruit industry main item enterprise, the correlation management function department should pay attention supports 1-MCP, takes the practical and feasible measure, promotes the application vigorously, by promotes the our country apple industry sustainable development.