The
source area of dendrobium genus distributes in Asian and the tropics
area,variety is many,
may
divide into the spring dendrobium ,fall dendrobium two kind of types
approximately,As well as other some wild primary kinds.Says regarding the fall
dendrobium，can make use of
the greenhouse environment to
improve the Chinese Taiwanese winter temperature lower
to don't adapt to growth question.If can develop bears
ethylene variety,Perhaps uses
1-MCP to the flowers's protection,the Chinese Taiwan also may cultivate produces
the high quality fall dendrobium,marches the international market.
Content
First, foreword
The dendrobium genus is one greatly genus in the orchid
aceae,the generic name dendrobium is combines by Greek article dendro
(tree) and bios (life) to comes,Has "grows as an attachment on the tree"
meaning.At present in the Chinese Taiwan flower market dendrobium is mainly is
by the overseas import,spring dendrobium is imports by Japan,But the fall
dendrobium mainly comes from Thailand and Hawaii.As for the fall dendrobium it
grows suitably temperature in 25 ℃ about,but the Chinese Taiwan the temperature
is low in the winter approximately is 15-20 ℃,Does not suit its growth,But this
may heat up using the greenhouse to improves,Enables the Chinese Taiwan also to
cultivate the fall dendrobium.
Second, dendrobium introduction
The variety is many
of dendrobium genus,surpasses 1,000 kinds,mainly distributes China, Japan,
Southeast Asia, North Australia, New guinea low elevation tropics forest and
Pacific Ocean's islands and so on area (Kamemoto et al., 1,999).A big
characteristic of dendrobium is the under sepal base extends to after,Calls it
"chin" in botany terminology.Early Schlecter (1927) subdivide the dendrobium
genus into 41 section,Apply to gardening cuts flower,potted flower's breeding
mainly has following 7 section:Tropics area Phalaenantb,Spatulata、Eleutberoglossum(Spatulata)、Latouria，Temperate
zone area dendrobium、Callista，And mainly is big lap waste Formosae (Kamemoto et al., 1999)。
In the
gardening classification, according to the grows and blossoms habit to be divide
into:(1)spring dendrobium (temperate zone fallen leaf genus):mainly is dendrobium nobile,the
precondition of blossoms is the fake corm must be mature,In winter dormancy
fallen leaf,
by the cool temperature, the dry promotes the
differentiation of flower bud,then blossoms in the spring.
(2)fall dendrobium (tropics often green
genus):mainly is Dendrobium phalaenopsis Fitzg,
after the fake corm is mature,blossoms in the warm,
the short sunshine environment,Therefore blossoms in Summer end autumn.(3)
other wild genus.
in
addition, may depend on the flowers grow position to distinguish the spring
dendrobium perhaps the fall dendrobium, Former flowers side grow on
the fake corm,
The adult plant shape is big,In gardening by potted
flower primarily,Latter then is extracts the pedicel in the stem peak,therefore
may take on cutsflower perhaps potted flower's use.
Third, dendrobium flowers' ethylene production and its aging
Take Dendrobium
pompadour as the object of observation,according to its flower opening degree
from the calyx to opens completely,observation flowers' ethylene content,in
calyx to flower ajar' flowers,the ethylene content reduces gradually,after the
flowers open then has the gradual increase the tendency(Ketsa and Thampitakorn, 1995).In
addition the 9th hour appears the ethylene peak after pollination,At the same
time also accelerates flowers' aging(Ketsa and Rugkong, 2000).
Fourth, 1-MCP in flower' application
1-MCP is
one kind of ethylene function inhibitor, is the link alkenes chemical
substance，can union with ethylene receptor,Approximately 7-12 days,has the
function only is gaseous state under the normal temperature(Sisler and Serek, 1999),has
widely applied the flower picks after keep fresh.By 0.15μL/L 1-MCP processing
may increase cymbidium
bottle put life to 18.6 days(Heyes and Johnston, 1998).Phal. amabilis TS97
after 0.1μL/L ethylene processing,After seven days its calyx as well as the
flower fading situation,the fading rate respectively is 9.5%,13.0%,If processes
for 8 hours after 0.1、0.2、0.4 or 0.8 μL/L 1-MCP before transportation,rehandling
2 μL/L ethylene 12 hours,its calyx, flowers' fading rate reduces to the
zero(Lindenren,2003).
five, conclusion
The
Chinese Taiwan's orchid industry already extremely was developed,Take the
butterfly orchid as the most large amount,oncidium is
next.The Chinese Taiwan also may develop the dendrobium industry,Production fall
dendrobium seedling,The supply country inscribes the flower, the potted
flower,As well as for sale abroad to Japan, Korea and so on other
countries.(zhanliaogan)